Encyclopedia of Cybersecurity

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White Hat

“White Hat” typically refers to a type of ethical hacker or cybersecurity professional who uses their technical skills and knowledge for constructive, lawful, and ethical purposes, such as identifying and mitigating security vulnerabilities, defending against cyber threats, and improving overall cybersecurity posture. The term “White Hat” is derived from Western movies, where heroes often wore […]

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Whitelisting

Whitelisting, in the context of cybersecurity, refers to a security control mechanism that allows only pre-approved or authorized entities, applications, devices, or actions to access or interact with a system, network, or resource, while blocking all other entities by default. In essence, whitelisting creates a list of trusted entities or activities that are explicitly permitted,

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Wireless Security

Wireless security refers to the measures and protocols implemented to protect wireless networks, devices, and data from unauthorized access, interception, and exploitation. With the widespread adoption of wireless communication technologies such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and cellular networks, ensuring the security of wireless connections has become essential to safeguarding sensitive information and maintaining privacy. Key aspects

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Worm

A worm is a type of malicious software (malware) that is designed to self-replicate and spread across computer networks and systems, typically without requiring user interaction. Unlike viruses, which require a host file or program to attach to and execute, worms are standalone programs that can independently propagate and infect vulnerable systems. Worms exploit vulnerabilities

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Written Information Security Program

A Written Information Security Program (WISP) is a comprehensive document outlining an organization’s policies, procedures, and practices for safeguarding sensitive information and maintaining data security. The purpose of a WISP is to establish a framework that ensures the protection of personal and confidential information against unauthorized access, disclosure, alteration, or destruction. Key components typically included

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X.509 Certificate

X.509 is a standard format for public key certificates, digital documents that bind cryptographic keys to entities such as individuals, organizations, or devices. These certificates are used in many internet protocols to authenticate the identity of a user, server, or service, and to establish secure communication channels using encryption. Here are some key components and

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XSS Filter Evasion

Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) filter evasion refers to techniques used by attackers to bypass or circumvent XSS filtering mechanisms implemented by web browsers or web application firewalls (WAFs). XSS is a type of security vulnerability that allows attackers to inject malicious scripts into web pages viewed by other users. XSS filters are security controls designed to

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XSS Protection

XSS (Cross-Site Scripting) protection refers to the measures implemented to mitigate and prevent XSS attacks, which are a type of security vulnerability commonly found in web applications. XSS attacks occur when an attacker injects malicious scripts into web pages viewed by other users. These scripts can execute in the context of a victim’s browser, potentially

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YAML Bomb

A YAML bomb, also known as a YAML denial-of-service (DoS) attack, is a type of cyber attack that exploits the YAML (YAML Ain’t Markup Language) data format to consume excessive system resources and cause a denial of service condition on vulnerable systems. YAML is a human-readable data serialization format commonly used for configuration files, data

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Zero Trust Model

The Zero Trust Model is a cybersecurity framework and approach to network security that emphasizes the principle of “never trust, always verify.” In a Zero Trust Model, organizations assume that threats may already exist both inside and outside their network perimeter and adopt a proactive approach to security that requires continuous verification of trust for

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