Encyclopedia of Cybersecurity

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Hacking

Hacking refers to the unauthorized access, manipulation, or exploitation of computer systems, networks, or devices. It involves using technical knowledge, programming skills, and creative problem-solving to gain entry into systems or bypass security measures for various purposes, which can range from benign exploration to malicious intent. Hacking can take several forms, including: Unauthorized access: Gaining […]

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Hardened Baseline Configuration

A Hardened Baseline Configuration refers to a predefined and standardized set of security settings and configurations applied to an operating system, software application, network device, or any other IT system component. The purpose of a Hardened Baseline Configuration is to establish a secure starting point for the system while minimizing potential security vulnerabilities and exposures.

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Hardware Security

Hardware security refers to the measures and practices implemented to protect the physical components of computer systems, electronic devices, and embedded systems from security threats, vulnerabilities, and attacks. Hardware security aims to safeguard the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of hardware components, prevent unauthorized access or tampering, and mitigate risks associated with physical and logical attacks.

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Hardware Token

A hardware token, also known as a security token or authentication token, is a physical device used to securely authenticate users and grant access to systems, networks, applications, or services. Hardware tokens generate one-time passwords (OTPs) or cryptographic keys that are used for authentication purposes, providing an additional layer of security beyond traditional passwords. Key

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Hashing

Hashing is a cryptographic technique used to convert data of arbitrary size into a fixed-length string of characters, typically a sequence of letters and numbers, known as a hash value or hash code. The process of hashing involves applying a mathematical algorithm, called a hash function, to input data to produce a unique and deterministic

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Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) is a landmark piece of legislation enacted by the United States Congress in 1996. HIPAA was designed primarily to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the healthcare system by standardizing electronic healthcare transactions, ensuring the privacy and security of patients’ protected health information (PHI), and facilitating the

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Heap Spraying

Heap spraying is a technique used in computer security exploits to inject malicious code into a process’s memory heap. This method involves flooding the memory heap of a target application with large amounts of malicious code or data, typically in the form of shellcode or payload, in order to increase the likelihood of successful exploitation.

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Heuristic Analysis

Heuristic analysis, in the context of computer science and cybersecurity, refers to a method of problem-solving and analysis that involves using rules of thumb or experience-based techniques to make educated guesses or approximate solutions to complex problems. Heuristic analysis is often employed when traditional algorithmic or formal methods are impractical or insufficient for solving a

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Honey Pot

A Honey Pot is a cybersecurity deception technique and security mechanism designed to detect, deflect, or study unauthorized access attempts, malicious activities, or cyber attacks targeting an organization’s network, systems, or information assets. A Honey Pot mimics legitimate IT resources, services, or vulnerabilities to attract and deceive attackers, diverting their attention away from critical assets

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Host Intrusion Prevention System

A Host Intrusion Prevention System (HIPS) is a security software or solution deployed on individual computers or endpoints to protect them from various types of cyber threats, including malware, unauthorized access, and malicious activities. HIPS monitors and analyzes system behavior and network traffic on the host level to detect and prevent suspicious or malicious activities

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