Encyclopedia of Cybersecurity

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GDPR Enforcement

GDPR Enforcement refers to the implementation and application of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), which is a comprehensive data protection and privacy regulation enacted by the European Union (EU) to protect the personal data of individuals within the EU and European Economic Area (EEA). GDPR enforcement involves regulatory authorities overseeing compliance with the GDPR’s […]

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General Data Protection Regulation

The General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) is a comprehensive data protection and privacy regulation enacted by the European Union (EU) in May 2018. It aims to strengthen and harmonize data protection laws across EU member states and regulate the processing of personal data by organizations, businesses, and governments within the EU and the European Economic

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Geo-Blocking

Geo-blocking, also known as geographically-based blocking or geo-restriction, is a technology or practice used to restrict access to online content or services based on the geographical location of the user’s IP address or other identifying information. Geo-blocking is commonly employed by content providers, online retailers, streaming services, and other digital platforms to comply with licensing

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Geo-Fencing

Geo-fencing is a location-based technology that allows for the creation of virtual boundaries or geographic zones around a specific area, such as a building, neighborhood, or geographic region. These virtual boundaries are defined by geographic coordinates, such as latitude and longitude, and can be set up using GPS (Global Positioning System), RFID (Radio-Frequency Identification), Wi-Fi,

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Governance, Risk Management, and Compliance

Governance, Risk Management, and Compliance (GRC) is a framework and approach adopted by organizations to manage and integrate the strategic alignment, risk management, and regulatory compliance activities within their operations. GRC aims to ensure that organizations operate effectively, efficiently, and ethically by establishing robust governance structures, identifying and mitigating risks, and complying with applicable laws,

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Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act

The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act (GLBA), also known as the Financial Services Modernization Act of 1999, is a United States federal law that governs the ways in which financial institutions handle the private information of individuals. It was enacted to address concerns about consumer privacy and to modernize regulations in the financial sector. GLBA consists of several

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Gray Hat

“Gray Hat” typically refers to a type of hacker or cybersecurity practitioner who operates in a morally ambiguous or legally ambiguous manner, exhibiting characteristics of both White Hat and Black Hat hackers. Gray Hat hackers may engage in activities that are neither purely ethical nor purely malicious, often blurring the lines between legitimate security research,

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